MSU has six locations in Missouri:
- Springfield Main Campus
- West Plains Two-Year Campus
- Mountain Grove Research Campus
- Marshfield Baker Observatory
- Joplin Graduate Residence Center
- Branson Proposed Service Site
MSU's three campuses are structured to address the special needs of the urban and rural populations they serve. The university also owns and operates a 125-acre agriculture research and demonstration center in southwest Springfield as well as the Baker Observatory near Marshfield. In addition, SMSU operates a graduate residence center in Joplin and plans to open an instructional and service site in Branson.