Biology (Non-Comprehensive)

1. Education Requirements - see General Education Program and Requirements section of catalog

2. Major Requirements

   1. BIO 121(4), 122(4), 235(4), 310(5) or 320(4), 369(4), 494(1), 550(3)

   2. Select elective courses in biology to total a minimum of 32 hours and include at least 12 hours of 300 level or above courses. Electives may be selected from one of the following emphases.

      1. Botany: BIO 334(3), 436(4), 544(4). Suggested electives: BIO 339(2), 499(1-3), 531(2), 539(2), 545(2)

      2. Cellular Biology: BIO 310(5), 511(3); BMS 514(2), 516(4), 524(3), 529(3), 585(4)

      3. Environmental Studies: BIO 339(2), 370(4), 562(4)

      4. Microbiology: BIO 310(5), 508(3), 511(3), 517(4), 520(3); BMS 524(3), 529(3)

      5. Wildlife Biology: BIO 562(4) and 575(3); or BIO 573(3) and 577(3). BIO 334(2), 339(2), 373(3), 589(3). Students interested in certification requirements as set by the Wildlife Society and the American Fisheries Society should consult with their academic advisor.

      6. Zoology: BIO 371(3), 539(2), 562(4), 563(3), 571(4), 574(2), 575(3), 576(3), 577(3), 589(3); BMS 582(4), 585(4)

   3. Related Requirements: CHM 200(5) or 342(5) and 343(5) or 344(3); PHY 123(4) and 124(4) or PHY 203(5) and 204(5); MTH 261(5) or 287(3)

3. Minor Required

4. Specific Requirements for Bachelor of Arts Degree - see “Degrees, Programs and Requirements” section catalog

5. General Baccalaureate Degree Requirements - see “General Baccalaureate Degree Requirements” section of catalog

Biology (Comprehensive)

1. Education Requirements - see General Education Program and Requirements section of catalog

2. Major Requirements (37-46 hours)

   1. BIO 121(4), 122(4), 235(4), 550(3), 494(1)

   2. PHY 123(4) and 124(4); or PHY 203(5) and 204(5)

   3. MTH 138(5) or 181(3), or eligibility for MTH 261 on mathematics placement test

   4. BIO 310(5) or 320(4) or 361(4) or 544(4); consult options below before selecting course

   5. CHM 105(5) or 160(4); consult options below before selecting course

   6. CHM 200(5) or 302(5) or 342(5); consult options below before selecting course

   7. Complete requirements in one of the following options*: Note: With approval of advisor, up to 3 hours of the following can be substituted for one of the BIO courses listed in any option: BIO 300, 399, 499, or 597.

      1. General Biology (37-40 hours)

         1. Required courses: BIO 310(5) or 320(4), 369(4)

         2. Complete courses in structural and functional biology totaling at least 6 hours from the following: BIO 355(4), 361(4), 380(5), 511(4), 515(3), 517(4), 520(3), 540(4), 544(4), 546(4), 560(3), 567(4), 571(4)

         3. Complete courses in biodiversity totaling at least 6 hours from the following: BIO 334(3), 339(2), 370(4), 371(3), 530(3), 531(2), 545(2), 573(3), 574(2), 575(3), 576(3), 577(3); the following courses taught during the summer at the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory in Ocean Springs, Mississippi: BIO 534 (2), 535 (1), 555 (3), 556 (3), 587 (3), 588 (3)

         4. Complete courses in ecology totaling at least 6 hours from the following: BIO 373(3), 436(4), 485(1-3), 508(3), 527(1-4), 532(3), 539(2), 562(4), 563(3), 567(4), 578(4), 579(4), 584(3), 589(3); the following courses taught during the summer at the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory in Ocean Springs, Mississippi: BIO 537(2), 538(2), 565(3), 566(2)

         5. Complete 0-8 additional hours of BIO courses to bring total to a minimum of 50 hours in Biology

         6. Related requirements in Mathematics, Statistics, or Computer programming: MTH 261(5) or 287(3) or 546(3) or 547(3) or CSC 125(4) or 131(4) or PSY 527(3)

         7. Related requirements in Chemistry: CHM 160(4), 170(3), 175(2)

      2. Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics (33-38 hours)

         1. Required courses: BIO 369(4), 515(3)

         2. Complete courses in biodiversity totaling at least 3 hours from the following: BIO 334(3), 339(2), 370(4), 371(3), 380(5), 530(3), 545(2), 546(4), 571(4), 573(3), 574(2), 575(3), 576(3), 577(3); the following courses taught during the summer at the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory in Ocean Springs, Mississippi: BIO 534(2), 535(1), 555(3), 556(3), 587(3), 588(3)

         3. Complete courses in population biology totaling at least 3 hours from the following: BIO 436(4), 532(3), 540(4), 560(3), 563(3), 567(4), 578(4), 584(3), 589(3); the following courses taught during the summer at the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory in Ocean Springs, Mississippi: BIO 557(2), 558(2)

         4. Complete courses in community/ecosystem biology totaling at least 3 hours from the following: BIO 373(3), 485(1-3), 508(3), 533(3), 539(2), 562(4), 579(4); the following courses taught during the summer at the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory in Ocean Springs, Mississippi: 537(2), 538(2), 565(3), 566(2)

         5. Students must take at least one biology course with a substantial field component. A course used to satisfy this requirement also may be counted toward the biodiversity, population biology, and community/ecosystem biology concentration areas described above. Complete one of the following: BIO 370(4), 374(3), 436(4), 527(1-4), 562(4), 574(2), 575(3), 576(3), 577(3), any biology course taught at the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, any biology course taught at the Bull Shoals Field station or another field station (with the approval of your advisor)

         6. Complete 0-7 hours of elective BIO courses at the level of 300 or above to total a minimum of 43 hours in biology

         7. Complete one of the following: AGA 215(3), ANT 227(3), CHM 260(3), CHM 505(4), CHM 506(3), GLG 110(4), PHI 325(3)

         8. Related requirements in Mathematics, Statistics, or Computer programming: MTH 261 (5) or 287(3) or 546(3) or 547(3) or CSC 125(4) or CSC 131(4) or PSY 527(3)

         9. Related requirements in Chemistry: CHM 160(4), 170(3), 175(2)

      3. Microbiology and Biotechnology (33-42 hours)

         1. Required courses: BIO 310(5), 320(4)

         2. Complete 21 additional hours in BIO courses with a minimum of 18 hours from the following: BIO 355(4), 508(3), 511(3), 512(3), 515(3), 517(4), 520(3), 530(3), 540(4); BMS 524(3) may be substituted for one of these courses; CHM 302(5), 480(4), or 502(4) may be substituted for one of these courses

         3. Related requirements in Chemistry: CHM 160(4), 170(3), 175(2), 200(5) or 342(5) and 343(5) or 344(3),  352(3) or 452(3) and 552(3)

      4. Organismal Biology  (30-41 hours)

         1. Required courses: BIO 310(5) or 320(4), 369(4), 515(3)

         2. Complete two courses in anatomy and physiology: BIO 361(4), 380(5), 544(4), 546(4), 567(4), 571(4)

         3. Complete a minimum of 2 hours in biodiversity: BIO 334(3), 339(2), 370(4), 371(3), 530(3), 545(2), 573(3), 574(2), 575(3), 576(3), 577(3); the following courses taught during the summer at the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory in Ocean Springs, Mississippi: BIO 534(2), 535(1), 555(3), 556(3), 587(3), 588(3)

         4. Complete elective 0-3 hours of BIO courses to total a minimum of 40 hours in Biology. One class from the following can be counted for this requirement: AGS 306(3), BMS 582(4), BMS 585(4), PSY 336(3), PSY 521(3)

         5. Related requirements in Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer programming: MTH 261(5) or 287(3) or 546(3) or 547(3) or CSC 125(4) or CSC 131(4) or PSY 527(3)

         6. Related requirements in Chemistry: CHM 160(4), 170(3), 175(2), 200(5) or 342(5) and 343(5) or 344(3), 352(3) or 452(3) and 552(3)

      5. Wildlife Biology (30-47 hours)

         1. Required courses: BIO 320(4) or 361(4), 369(4)

         2. Complete two courses in plant biology from: BIO 334(3), 339(2), 530(3), 544(4), 545(2), 546(4)

         3. Complete three courses in animal biology from: BIO 370(4), 371(3), 380(5), 571(4), 573(3), 574(2), 575(3), 576(3), 577(3)

         4. Complete a minimum of 5 hours in management from: BIO 373(3), 485(1-3), 532(3), 562(4), 589(3)

         5. Complete two courses in ecology and evolution from: BIO 436(4), 515(3), 539(2), 563(3), 567(4), 578(4), 579(4), 584(3)

         6. Complete one course in human dimensions from the following: AGA 335(3), CRM 210(3), ECO 540(3), GRY 108(3), GRY 351(2), PHI 302(3), PLS 555(3), RIL 537(3)

         7. Complete one course in earth/environmental science: AGA 215(3), CHM 260(3), GLG 110(4), GRY 142(4) 

3. General Baccalaureate Degree Requirements - see General Baccalaureate Degree Requirements section of catalog

Biology (Non-Comprehensive)

1. Education Requirements - see General Education Program and Requirements section of catalog

2. Major Requirements

   1. BIO 121(4), 122(4), 235(4); 310(5) or 320(4); 369(4), 494(1), 550(3)

   2. Select elective courses in biology to total a minimum of 36 hours and include at least 12 hours of 300-level or above courses. Electives may be selected from one of the emphases listed under the Bachelor of Arts.

   3. Related Requirements: CHM 200(5) or 342(5) and 343(5) or 344(3); PHY 123(4) and 124(4) or PHY 203(5) and 204(5); MTH 261(5) or 287(3)

3. Minor Required

4. General Baccalaureate Degree Requirements - see “General Baccalaureate Degree Requirements” section of catalog

Biology Education

1. Education Requirements - see General Education Program and Requirements section of catalog
   The following required courses can be used to meet both General Education and Major Requirements: BIO 121(4); MTH 135(3) or 181(3) or 138(5) or 261(5) or 287(3); CHM 105(5) or CHM 160(4) or GLG 110(4) or GRY 135(4) or GLG 171(4) or PHY 100(4) or PHY 123(4)

2. Major Requirements

   1. Core (32 hours): BIO 121(4), 122(4), 215(2), 235(4), 310(5), 361(4), 369(4), 515(3); Select elective courses in biology, 300 level or above, to total a minimum of 32 hours.

   2. Related Requirements (6-9 hours): SCI 505(3); MTH 135(3) and MTH 181(3), or MTH 138(5), or MTH 261(5), or MTH 287(3); NOTE: MTH 130 cannot be substituted for MTH 135

   3. Complete the requirements in one of the following grades 9-12 certification areas:

      1. Categorical Science (13-21 hours): CHM 105(5), or CHM 160(4) and 170(3) and 175(2); PHY 100(4), or PHY 123(4) and 124(4); GLG 110(4) or GRY 135(4) or GLG 171(4)

      2. Unified Science (25 hours): CHM 160(4), 170(3), 175(2); PHY 123(4), 124(4); GLG 110(4); GRY 135(4)

3. Professional Education Courses (37 hours): SCI 214(2), 314(3), 414 (3), 493(6), 494(6); and the Professional Education Required Core and Competencies (see Teacher Certification, Teacher Education Program and Secondary Education Requirements section of catalog).

4. General Baccalaureate Degree Requirements - see “General Baccalaureate Degree Requirements” section of catalog

5. In order to meet Missouri state teacher certification requirements, candidates for the Bachelor of Science in Education degree are required to meet the following grade point average requirements: at least a 2.50 GPA on all coursework attempted at all colleges attended; at least a 2.50 GPA in the certificate subject area (major field of study) which includes all courses listed under B; at least a 2.50 GPA in any additional certificate subject area; at least a 2.50 GPA in the professional education courses; and no grade lower than a “C” in all professional education courses. All GPA requirements include both Missouri State and transfer grades.  

Health Education Certification (certifiable grades 9-12, added endorsement only): Students who complete the Bachelor of Science in Education degree with a major in Biology Education may receive Missouri state certification in Health Education grades 9-12 by completing the following courses: BMS 307(4) or PED 250(3), BMS 308(4) or PED 252(3), or equivalents; CFD 163(3); BMS 130(3) or BMS 240(3); PED 253(2), 256(2), 257(2), 358(3); PSY 101(3); SWK 330(3); plus additional hours of electives in health-related courses, in consultation with their advisor, to bring total to 30 hours. In order to meet Missouri state teacher certification requirements, student must have at least a 2.50 GPA in the certificate subject area which includes all courses listed above.

Wildlife Conservation and Management (Comprehensive)

This major is offered in cooperation with the Agriculture Department.

1. Education Requirements - see General Education Program and Requirements section of catalog
   Specific General Education Requirements: BIO 121(4); CHM 105(5) or 160(4); GLG 110(4); GRY 100(3); MTH 135(3) or 138(5)

2. Major Requirements

   1. Agriculture Requirements:

      1. AGA 105(3), 215(3), 335(3), 365(3) or 375(3); AGR  383(3); AGW 143(3), 496(1)

      2. Select two courses (4-6 hours) from: AGA 485(3); AGB 354(2); AGH 333(3), 483(3); AGW 351(2)

   2. Biology Requirements:

      1. BIO 121(4), 122(4), 334(3), BIO 339(2) or 545(2), 373(3)

      2. Select one course from: BIO 369(4), 436(4), 562(4)

      3. Select two courses from: BIO 573(3), 575(3), 577(3)

   3. Select ten additional hours in Agriculture and/or Biology. An advisor must be contacted to determine specific requirements that would result in eligibility to be placed on federal and state registries in Fisheries Biology, Social Science, Wildlife Biology, etc.

3. General Baccalaureate Degree Requirements - see “General Baccalaureate Degree Requirements” section of catalog

Biology

1. BIO 121(4), 122(4), 235(4)
2. Additional biology electives to total 15 hours.

Biology

1. BIO 121(4), 122(4), 235(4), 369(4)
2. Additional biology electives to total 20 hours.

Biology

BIO 121(4), 122(4), 235(4), 320(4), and 369(4).

Biology Courses

BIO 100 Biological Science for Educators

General Education Course (Natural World). An introduction to the unifying principles of biology and the processes of scientific investigation using an inquiry approach. Laboratory experiences model inquiry teaching methods appropriate for use in early childhood, elementary, and middle school science lessons. This course is open only to early childhood, elementary, middle school, and special education majors. Does not count for credit towards a major or minor in biology. Students receive credit towards graduation for only one of BIO 100, BIO 101, or BIO 102. 4(3-3) F,S

BIO 101 Biological Concepts

Lecture portion only of BIO 102. Does not count for general education credit for students whom enter under the fall 1997 catalog or later. Does not count for credit towards a major or minor in biology. Students receive credit towards graduation for only one of BIO 100, 101, or 102. 3(3-0) F,S

BIO 102 Principles of Biological Science

General Education Course (Natural World). Unifying principles of biology from the molecular level through ecosystems. Includes laboratory experience. Does not count for credit towards major or minor in biology. Students receive credit towards graduation for only one of BIO 100, 101, or 102. 4(3-2) F,S

BIO 121 General Biology I

Prerequisite: eligibility for both ENG 110 and MTH 135. General Education Course (Natural World). First half of 2-semester introductory biology sequence for biology majors and minors. Introduction to the concepts of biological structure and function at the molecular and cellular level, genetics, and evolution. This course may not be taken pass/not pass. A grade of C or better in this course is a prerequisite for enrollment in BIO 122. 4(3-3) F,S

BIO 122 General Biology II

Prerequisite: eligibility for both ENG 110 and MTH 135. Recommended Prerequisite: BIO 121. Second half of two-semester introductory biology sequence for biology majors and minors. Introduction to the biology of organisms including evolutionary history, diversity, structure, and function of major taxa; and ecology. This course may not be taken Pass/Not Pass. A grade of "C" or better is required in this course in order to take BIO 235, BIO 320, or BIO 369. 4(3-3) F,S

BIO 197 Selected Topics in Biology

Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Course devoted to a biologic topic of current interest. Provided the topics are different, the course may be repeated to a total of 4 hours credit. Credit for this course cannot be applied to the minimum requirements of a major or minor in biology, or the general education (natural sciences) requirement. 1(1-0 or 0-2) D

BIO 205 Life Science for Middle School

Prerequisite: BIO 100 or BIO 102. Processes of science using the inquiry approach with reference to society, technology, and decision-making. Content covers cellular biology, plant and animal structure and function, ecology and environmental biology. Does not count for credit towards major or minor in biology. 2(1-3) S

BIO 210 Elements of Microbiology

Prerequisite: CHM 105 or CHM 160 and 4 credit hours of BIO or BMS courses. Public health aspects of microbiology, particularly causes and control of infectious diseases, immunology, sterilization and disinfection, and food and water bacteriology. A student who takes BIO 210 and BIO 310 receives credit toward graduation only for BIO 310. Supplemental course fee. 3(2-2) F,S

BIO 215 Introduction to the Diversity of Life

Prerequisite: 4 hours of biology. Introduction to the diversity in structure and function of protists, fungi, plants and animals. This course is designed for B.S.Ed. students and does not count toward a B.A. or B.S. in Biology. 2(1-3) D

BIO 235 Principles of Genetics

Prerequisite: BIO 121 or BMS 110; and BIO 122 and MTH 135 or higher. An introduction to basic concepts of molecular and Mendelian genetics and an inquiry into the basic processes of evolution. Supplemental course fee. 4(3-3) F,S

BIO 277 Marine Science II: Marine Biology

Prerequisite: 8 hours biology; and concurrent enrollment in BIO 278. A general introduction to marine biology with emphasis on local fauna and flora. Recommended for students considering a career in any phase of Oceanography. 3(3-0) Su

BIO 278 Marine Science II: Marine Biology Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 277. Laboratory portion of BIO 277. 2(0-4) Su

BIO 300 Service Learning in Biology

Prerequisite: 30 hours and permission, and concurrent registration in a Biology course designated as a service learning offering. This service component for an existing course incorporates community service with classroom instruction in biology to provide an integrative learning experience that addresses the practice of citizenship and promotes an awareness of participation in public affairs. Includes 40 hours of service that benefits an external community organization, agency, or public service provider. Approved service placements and assignments will vary depending on the specific course topic and learning objectives; students should investigate possible placements, available through the Biology Department and the Citizenship and Service Learning Office, prior to registration. No more than two hours of service learning may count toward graduation. A total maximum of 3 credit hours from any combination of BIO 300, 399, and 499 credit may be counted towards the major. Graded Pass/Not Pass only. 1 F,S

BIO 310 Microbiology

Prerequisite: BIO 235 or BMS 230 or BMS 231; and CHM 105 or CHM 160. Fundamental principles of microbiology; development of sound laboratory skills. A student who takes BIO 210 and BIO 310 receives credit toward graduation only for BIO 310. 5(3-4) F,S

BIO 320 Introduction to Cellular Biology

Prerequisite: BIO 235 or BMS 230; and CHM 200 or CHM 310. Introduction to the structure and function of cells with an emphasis on eukaryotes. Supplemental course fee. 4(3-2) F,S

BIO 334 Plant Taxonomy

Prerequisite: BIO 122. Basic systematic principles, including the naming, classification, diversity, and evolution of angiosperms. Laboratory emphasis is on vegetative and reproductive morphology, use of taxonomic keys, and identification of common families and species of the local flora. 3(2-3) S

BIO 339 Identification of Woody Plants

Prerequisite: BIO 122. A field course emphasizing the identification of woody plants (including some ornamentals) of the Interior Highlands of North America. Some consideration of forest communities and their distribution will also be included. Some Saturday field trips scheduled. 2(0-4) F

BIO 355 Developmental Biology

Prerequisite: BIO 235. An introduction to mechanistic embryology of selected vertebrate, invertebrate, and plant model systems. Lecture emphasis on fertilization, morphogenesis, cell surface roles in morphogenesis, cell motility, organo-genesis, metamorphosis, regeneration, and neoplasia as a developmental system. Laboratory emphasis on the normal ontogenetic development of live animal and plant systems and the experimental modification of these systems. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 355 and BIO 755. 4(3-2) D

BIO 361 General Physiology

Prerequisite: BIO 235. A study in animal biology that emphasizes the functional features of whole organisms including physiological regulations. A grade of "C" or better is required in this course in order to take BMS 363. Supplemental course fee. 4(3-3) F,S

BIO 369 General Ecology

Prerequisite: BIO 122 and MTH 135 or higher. Introduction to the basic concepts of ecology. 4(3-2) F,S

BIO 370 Invertebrate Zoology

Prerequisite: BIO 121 and BIO 122. Biological principles exemplified by study of functional morphology, taxonomy and phylogeny of invertebrate phyla. 4(2-4) F

BIO 371 Introduction to Entomology

Prerequisite: BIO 121 and BIO 122. Introduction to insect structure and function with emphasis on comparative morphology, physiology, life history, behavior, and ecology. 3(2-2) S

BIO 373 Principles of Wildlife Management

Prerequisite: BIO 122. This course considers ecological principles, conservation, and management policies for wild animals and habitats. 3(3-0) F

BIO 380 Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy

Prerequisite: BIO 121 and BIO 122. Vertebrate gross anatomy. Phylogeny and present status of organ systems of vertebrates. Shark, mud puppy and cat serve as principal sources for laboratory exercises. May be taught concurrently with BIO 680. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 380 and BIO 680. 5(2-6) F,S

BIO 398 Laboratory Internship in Biology

Prerequisite: B.S.Ed major in Biology Education, BIO 310 and BIO 369, and permission of instructor. This course provides the opportunity to earn academic credit through supervised laboratory preparation and teaching. Graded Pass/Not Pass only. 1(0-3) F,S

BIO 399 Cooperative Education in Biology

Prerequisite: acceptance into Cooperative Education Program and permission of department head. This course provides the opportunity to earn academic credit integrated with a supervised work experience. Under the guidance of a faculty advisor, students will complete a work-related independent study project. This is a variable content course that may be repeated to a total of 6 semester hours. A maximum of 3 credit hours from any combination of BIO 300, 399 and 499 may be counted towards the biology major. Graded Pass/Not Pass only. 1-3 F,S

BIO 436 Plant Ecology

Recommended Prerequisite: BIO 369. The dynamics, structure, and distribution of plant populations and communities, with emphasis on interactions among plants, plants and other organisms, and plants and ecosystems. Laboratory emphasis on experimental studies in the greenhouse and field. Weekend field trip is required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 636. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 436 and BIO 636. 4(2-4) F

BIO 485 Marine Conservation

Recommended Prerequisite: BIO 102 or BIO 122. An overview of current issues related to the conservation and management of marine organisms, with emphasis on marine species and habitats exploited or endangered by human actions. May be taught concurrently with BIO 685. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 485 and 685. 1-3 D

BIO 494 Senior Seminar

Prerequisite: 90 hours and biology major. Current issues in the biological sciences will be discussed and information on post-graduate opportunities for biology majors will be presented. Successful completion of the Major Field Achievement Test will be required. Graded Pass/Not Pass only. 1(1-0) S

BIO 498 Honors Senior Project

Prerequisite: student must be a biology major and have junior standing and be a member of the Honors College and permission of instructor. The content of the project is determined by the honors student in consultation with a faculty member serving as project advisor and approved by the HC dean. The project can be started no earlier than the first semester of the junior year and must be completed before graduation. May be repeated to a total of 9 credit hours; a maximum of 3 credit hours may be counted toward the major in biology. 3 D

BIO 499 Special Topics in Biology

Prerequisite: Biology major with a minimum of a 3.00 GPA; and 20 hours in Biology courses; and permission of instructor. Outstanding students obtain additional experience through independent study. May be repeated to a total of 3 credit hours. A maximum of 3 credit hours from any combination of BIO 300, 399 and 499 may be counted towards the major. Graded Pass/Not Pass only. 1-3 F

BIO 508 Environmental Microbiology

Prerequisite: BIO 210 or BIO 310. The study of the ecology of microorganisms and the applied use of microorganisms by man in the environment. Laboratory will emphasize current methods used in the field of environmental microbiology. May be taught concurrently with BIO 608. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 608 and BIO 508. 3(2-2) F

BIO 509 Stream Ecology

Prerequisite: BIO 369. Recommended Prerequisite: CHM 175 or higher. The interdisciplinary study of running waters, including study of the physical and chemical environment, trophic interactions, nutrient cycling, and the multiple impacts of humans on modifying these systems. Lectures, group discussion of readings, and laboratory and field exercises. One all-day Saturday field trip required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 609. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 609 and BIO 509. 4(2-4) S

BIO 511 Immunology

Prerequisite: B10 210 or BIO 310. Fundamental principles of immunology. Lecture emphasis on the structure and function of antigens, antibodies, surface receptors, antigen-antibody interactions, other serologic reactions, immunoglobulin formation, cell responses, major histocompatibility complex, immunochemistry, immunogenetics, autoimmunity, immunosuppression, transplantation immunology and immunologic methods. Laboratory emphasis on immunologic techniques for investigative as well as clinical application. Supplemental course fee. May be taught concurrently with BIO 611. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 611 and BIO 511. 3(2-2) F,S

BIO 512 Industrial Microbiology

Prerequisite: BIO 210 or BIO 310. An introduction to the fundamental concepts of industrial and applied microbiology. The industrial production of proteins, metabolites, polymers, biocides, and vaccines will be discussed in addition to biotransformations and environmental applications. Production improvement strategies that employ both physical and modern molecular techniques will be introduced. Laboratory will emphasize the selection of industrially important microorganisms, the theory and operation of a fermentor for the production of proteins, antibiotics, and steroids, use of analytical equipment for monitoring product formation, enzymes analysis, downstream processing, and bio-reactor construction and design. May be taught concurrently with BIO 613. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 613 and BIO 512. 3(2-2) D

BIO 515 Evolution

Prerequisite: BIO 235 and MTH 135 or higher. A survey of modern evolutionary biology, including the evidence that supports the theory of evolution, the natural processes that cause evolution, patterns and mechanisms of speciation, and methods for estimating evolutionary relationships. May be taught concurrently with BIO 616. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 616 and BIO 515. 3(3-0) F,S

BIO 517 Microbial Physiology and Metabolism

Prerequisite: B10 210 or BIO 310 and either CHM 200 or CHM 342. Physiology and anatomy of microorganisms including adaptive responses to environmental changes and microbial metabolic diversity will be discussed. Laboratory will emphasize selective isolation and identification of microorganisms, the growth dynamics of microorganisms, and responses by microorganisms to environmental changes. May be taught concurrently with BIO 617. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 617 and BIO 517. 4(2-4) F

BIO 520 Pathogenic Microbiology

Prerequisite: BIO 210 or BIO 310. Fundamental principles of pathogenic microbiology; transmission, infection and control of the pathogen. May be taught concurrently with BIO 620. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 620 and BIO 520. 3(3-0) S

BIO 521 Marine Science for Teachers I

Prerequisite: 12 hours in biology; and concurrent enrollment in BIO 522. A course designed to introduce students, particularly inservice teachers, to the study of marine science and to promote the teaching of marine biology at all grade levels. May be taught concurrently with BIO 621. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 621 and BIO 521. 2(2-0) Su

BIO 522 Marine Science for Teachers I Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 521. Laboratory portion of BIO 521. May be taught concurrently with BIO 623. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 623 and BIO 522. 1(0-2) Su

BIO 527 Field Biology

Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Field work during an extended field trip to a specific region of North America to familiarize the student with the flora and/or fauna of that region. Course is scheduled irregularly during academic breaks and may be preceded by several lectures in preparation for the trip. May be repeated to a total of 6 credits with a maximum of 3 credits to be applied to the major in biology. Supplemental course fee (variable by section). May be taught concurrently with BIO 627. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 627 and BIO 527. 1-4 D

BIO 530 Phycology

Prerequisite: BIO 369. The structure, function, ecological significance, and diversity of algae. Emphasis will be placed on field studies, isolation and growth, and physiological characteristics. May be taught concurrently with BIO 629. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 629 and BIO 530. 3(2-2) S

BIO 531 Economic Botany

Prerequisite: BIO 102 or BIO 121. Distribution and origin of plants which yield food, poison, drugs, spices, fibers, oils and other products generally used by man. Methods of preparations and analysis of products and ingredients. May be taught concurrently with BIO 631. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 631 and BIO 531. 2(2-0) FE

BIO 532 Principles of Fisheries Management

Prerequisite: BIO 369 or BIO 373. Life history, population ecology, and management of exploited freshwater and marine species. Scientific sampling and analysis of fishery populations. Characterization, history, and management principles for representative commercial and recreational fisheries. May be taught concurrently with BIO 632. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 632 and BIO 532. 3(2-2) S

BIO 533 Wetland Ecology

Prerequisite: BIO 369. Recommended Prerequisite: CHM 175 or higher. The composition, structure, function, and importance of wetland ecosystems. Comparisons of different wetland types, hydrology, nutrient cycles, plants and animals and their adaptations, and conservation strategies. May be taught concurrently with BIO 633. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 633 and BIO 533. 3(2-2) F

BIO 534 Coastal Vegetation

Prerequisite: 10 hours of biology including BIO 121 and BIO 122; and concurrent enrollment in BIO 535. A broad study of the general and specific aspects of coastal vegetation, with emphasis on local examples. Vegetational composition, variation, succession, climax, and distribution. Includes aerial techniques, plant identification, delineation of vegetational types and mapping. May be taught concurrently with BIO 641. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 641 and BIO 534. 2(2-0) Su

BIO 535 Coastal Vegetation Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 534. Laboratory portion of BIO 534. May be taught concurrently with BIO 635. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 635 and BIO 535. 1(0-2) Su

BIO 537 Salt Marsh Plant Ecology

Prerequisite: BIO 122 and BIO 334 and BIO 544 and BIO 369; and concurrent enrollment in BIO 538. A study with emphasis on the botanical aspects of local marshes; includes plant identification, composition, structure, distribution, and development of coastal marshes. Biological and physical interrelationships. Primary productivity and relation of marshes to estuaries and associated fauna. May be taught concurrently with BIO 637. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 637 and BIO 537. 2(2-0) Su

BIO 538 Salt Marsh Plant Ecology Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 537. Laboratory portion of BIO 537. May be taught concurrently with BIO 638. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 638 and BIO 538. 2(0-4) Su

BIO 539 Biogeography

Prerequisite: BIO 121 and BIO 122. Study of patterns of distribution of organisms in space and in time. May be taught concurrently with BIO 639. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 639 and BIO 539. 2(2-0) F

BIO 540 Applications of Molecular Markers

Prerequisite: BIO 235 and permission. Introduction to the use of molecular markers in biological research. Topics covered include methods for identifying genetic variation at the molecular level (protein electrophoresis, automatic DNA sequencing, RAPDs, RFLPs, AFLPs, microsatellites) and their applications to research in systematics, ecology, evolution, conservation biology, forensics, and gene mapping. Students will complete research projects using one or more of the techniques learned. Supplemental course fee. May be taught concurrently with BIO 640. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 640 and BIO 540. 4(2-4) D

BIO 544 Plant Physiology

Recommended prerequisite: CHM 200 or CHM 342. Basic chemical and physical principles of plant function considering water relationships, nutrient transport, mineral nutrition, photosynthesis, respiration, and phytohormones. May be taught concurrently with BIO 644. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 644 and BIO 544. 4(3-2) D

BIO 545 Agrostology

Prerequisite: BIO 334. Identification of local, native and economically important grasses. May be taught concurrently with BIO 645. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 645 and BIO 545. 2(1-2) FO

BIO 546 Plant Morphology

Prerequisite: BIO 121 and BIO 122. A study of the form, structure, and evolution of plants. May be taught concurrently with BIO 646. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 646 and BIO 546. 4(2-4) D

BIO 550 Statistical Methods for Biologists

Prerequisite: BIO 235 or BMS 230 or BMS 231; and MTH 138 or higher. Scientific methodology, experimental design, statistical analysis, and data interpretation applied to biological questions. May be taught concurrently with BIO 650. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 650 and BIO 550. 3(3-0) F,S

BIO 551 Advanced Statistical Methods for Biologists

Prerequisite: BIO 550. The design and analysis of biological experiments, with an emphasis on the choice and interpretation of inferential statistics. Topics covered include causal inference, statistical power, general linear models, repeated measures designs, log-linear models, nonparametric procedures, and computer-intensive techniques. The use of computer software to analyze real data sets from the biological literature is emphasized. May be taught concurrently with BIO 651. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 651 and BIO 551. 2(1-2) D

BIO 555 Marine Ichthyology

Prerequisite: junior standing; 16 hours of biology including BIO 121 and BIO 122 and BIO 235 and BIO 380; and concurrent enrollment in BIO 556. This course provides the student with a strong general background in the biology of marine fishes. Emphasis placed on the principles involved in the classification and taxonomy of marine and estuarine fishes. May be taught concurrently with BIO 654. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 654 and BIO 555. 3(3-0) Su

BIO 556 Marine Ichthyology Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 555. Laboratory portion of BIO 555. May be taught concurrently with BIO 656. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 656 and BIO 556. 3(0-6) Su

BIO 557 Marine Fisheries Management

Prerequisite: permission of instructor; and concurrent enrollment in BIO 558. A course designed to familiarize students with practical marine fisheries management problems in today's real world. Covers the international and local, economic, social, legal, and political, as well as biological factors that are considered in decisions directed toward achieving optimum sustainable yield from marine resources. The history of management schemes, sources of information, current status of fishing technology, management methods, legal problems and educational needs are explored. May be taught concurrently with BIO 657. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 657 and BIO 557. 2(2-0) Su

BIO 558 Marine Fisheries Management Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 557. Laboratory portion of BIO 557. May be taught concurrently with BIO 658. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 658 and BIO 558. 2(0-4) Su

BIO 560 Population Genetics and Evolutionary Mechanisms

Prerequisite: BIO 515 and BIO 550. The theory of genetic variation in populations, with emphasis on quantitative description of the mechanisms of biological evolution. May be taught concurrently with BIO 659. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 659 and BIO 560. 3(3-0) D

BIO 562 Limnology

Prerequisite: BIO 369. Recommended Prerequisite: CHM 175 or higher. Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of lakes and reservoirs. Laboratory includes mapping, lake models, water chemistry, and surveys of diversity and abundance. Two all-day Saturday labs required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 662. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 662 and BIO 562. 4(2-4) F

BIO 563 Population Ecology

Prerequisite: BIO 369; and MTH 138 or higher. Discussion of factors controlling the distribution and abundance of populations. Quantitative description of population dynamics is emphasized. May be taught concurrently with BIO 663. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 663 and BIO 563. 3(2-2) S

BIO 565 Marine Ecology

Prerequisite: 16 hours of biology including BIO 121 and BIO 122; and concurrent enrollment in BIO 566. A consideration of the relationship of marine organisms to their environment includes the effects of temperature, salinity, light, nutrient concentration, currents, and food on the abundance and distribution of marine organisms. May be taught concurrently with BIO 665. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 665 and BIO 565. 3(3-0) Su

BIO 566 Marine Ecology Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 565. Laboratory portion of BIO 565. May be taught concurrently with BIO 666. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 666 and BIO 566. 2(0-4) Su

BIO 567 Physiological Ecology

Prerequisite: BIO 369; and either BIO 361 or BIO 544 or BMS 308. Physiological adaptations of plants and animals to environmentally stressful conditions and to ecological/evolutionary pressures. May be taught concurrently with BIO 668. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 668 and BIO 567. 4(4-0) SE

BIO 571 Comparative Animal Physiology

Prerequisite: BIO 361 or BMS 308. Organ/system function in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate animals. May be taught concurrently with BIO 671. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 671 and BIO 571. 4(3-3) SO

BIO 573 Ornithology

Prerequisite: 12 hours of biology. Taxonomy, distribution, life histories and ecology of birds; emphasis on Missouri forms. Early morning field trips required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 673. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 673 and BIO 573. 3(2-2) S

BIO 574 Aquatic Entomology

Prerequisite: BIO 370 or BIO 371 or AGR 383. Aquatic insects, ecology and taxonomy with emphasis on field applications. May be taught concurrently with BIO 674. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 674 and BIO 574. 2(1-3) D

BIO 575 Ichthyology

Prerequisite: 12 hours in biology. Taxonomy, distribution, life histories and ecology of fish with emphasis on Missouri forms. May be taught concurrently with BIO 675. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 675 and BIO 575. 3(2-2) F

BIO 576 Herpetology

Prerequisite: 12 hours in biology. Taxonomy, distribution, life histories and ecology of amphibians and reptiles with emphasis on Missouri forms. One weekend field trip required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 676. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 676 and BIO 576. 3(2-2) S

BIO 577 Mammalogy

Prerequisite: 12 hours in biology. Taxonomy, distribution, life histories and ecology of mammals with emphasis on Missouri forms. One weekend field trip required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 677. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 677 and BIO 577. 3(2-2) F

BIO 578 Behavioral Ecology

Recommended Prerequisite: BIO 369 and BIO 550. Fundamental principles of animal behavior with an emphasis on the study of the ecological and evolutionary processes that influence behavior. May be taught concurrently with BIO 678. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 678 and BIO 578. 4(3-2) S

BIO 579 Conservation Biology

Prerequisite: BIO 235 and BIO 369. An in-depth examination of the science of conservation from a biological perspective, with an examination of ethical and legal aspects of conservation. May be taught concurrently with BIO 679. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 679 and BIO 579. 4(3-2) D

BIO 584 Fish Ecology

Prerequisite: BIO 369 and BIO 575. The biology of fishes in relation to environmental conditions at the individual, population, and community levels. May be taught concurrently with BIO 686. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 686 and BIO 584. 3(3-0) D

BIO 587 Marine Invertebrate Zoology

Prerequisite: 16 hours in biology; and concurrent enrollment in BIO 588. A concentrated study of the free-living marine and estuarine invertebrates of Mississippi Sound and adjacent bayous, salt marshes, barrier islands, and the nearshore continental shelf of the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Course emphasizes structure, classification, phylogenetic relationships, larval development, functional processes, and ecological aspects of Gulf of Mexico invertebrates and their natural assemblages. Advanced undergraduates and graduate students may be asked to conduct independent, short-term research projects during the course. May be taught concurrently with BIO 687. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 687 and BIO 587. 3(3-0) Su

BIO 588 Marine Invertebrate Zoology Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 587. Laboratory portion of BIO 587. May be taught concurrently with BIO 688. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 688 and BIO 588. 3(0-6) Su

BIO 589 Game Management

Prerequisite: BIO 373. Management of game birds and mammals for recreational utilization. May be taught concurrently with BIO 689. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 689 and BIO 589. 3(3-0) D

BIO 597 Topics in Biology

Prerequisite: permission of instructor. A variable content course to provide for the offering of selected topics in biology on a one time or first-time basis. May be repeated for credit when topic varies. May be taught concurrently with BIO 697. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 697 and BIO 597. 1-4 D

BIO 608 Environmental Microbiology

Recommended Prerequisite: microbiology. The study of the ecology of microorganisms and the applied use of microorganisms by man in the environment. Laboratory will emphasize current methods used in the field of environmental microbiology. May be taught concurrently with BIO 508. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 508 and BIO 608. 3(2-2), F

BIO 609 Stream Ecology

Recommended Prerequisite: ecology course and one year of college chemistry. The interdisciplinary study of running waters, including study of the physical and chemical environment, trophic interactions, nutrient cycling, and the multiple impacts of humans on modifying these systems. Lectures, group discussion of readings, and laboratory and field exercises. One all-day Saturday field trip required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 509. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 509 and BIO 609. 4(2-4), S

BIO 611 Immunology

Recommended Prerequisite: microbiology course. Fundamental principles of immunology. Lecture emphasis on the structure and function of antigens, antibodies, surface receptors, antigen-antibody interactions, other serologic reactions, immunoglobulin formation, cell responses, major histocompatibility complex, immunochemistry, immunogenetics, autoimmunity, immunosuppression, transplantation immunology and immunologic methods. Laboratory emphasis on immunologic techniques for investigative as well as clinical application. Supplemental course fee. May be taught concurrently with BIO 511. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 511 and BIO 611. 3(2-2), F,S

BIO 613 Industrial Microbiology

Recommended Prerequisite: microbiology course. An introduction to the fundamental concepts of industrial and applied microbiology. The industrial production of proteins, metabolites, polymers, biocides, and vaccines will be discussed in addition to biotransformations and environmental applications. Production improvement strategies that employ both physical and modern molecular techniques will be introduced. Laboratory will emphasize the selection of industrially important microorganisms, the theory and operation of a fermentor for the production of proteins, antibiotics, and steroids, use of analytical equipment for monitoring product formation, enzymes analysis, downstream processing, and bio-reactor construction and design. May be taught concurrently with BIO 512. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 512 and BIO 613. 3(2-2), D

BIO 616 Evolution

Recommended Prerequisite: genetics course; and college algebra or pre-calculus mathematics course. A survey of modern evolutionary biology, including the evidence that supports the theory of evolution, the natural processes that cause evolution, patterns and mechanisms of speciation, and methods for estimating evolutionary relationships. May be taught concurrently with BIO 515. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 515 and BIO 616. 3(3-0), F,S

BIO 617 Microbial Physiology and Metabolism

Recommended Prerequisite: microbiology course and organic chemistry course. Physiology and anatomy of microorganisms including adaptive responses to environmental changes and microbial metabolic diversity will be discussed. Laboratory will emphasize selective isolation and identification of microorganisms, the growth dynamics of microorganisms, and responses by microorganisms to environmental changes. May be taught concurrently with BIO 517. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 517 and BIO 617. 4(2-4), F

BIO 620 Pathogenic Microbiology

Recommended Prerequisite: microbiology course. Fundamental principles of pathogenic microbiology; transmission, infection and control of the pathogen. May be taught concurrently with BIO 520. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 520 and BIO 620. 3(3-0), S

BIO 621 Marine Science for Teachers I

Prerequisite: 12 hours in biology. Recommended Prerequisite: genetics course. A course designed to introduce students, particularly inservice teachers, to the study of marine science and to promote the teaching of marine biology at all grade levels. May be taught concurrently with BIO 521. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 521 and BIO 621. 2(2-0) Su

BIO 623 Marine Science for Teachers I Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 621. Laboratory portion of BIO 621. May be taught concurrently with BIO 522. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 522 and BIO 623. 1(0-2), Su

BIO 627 Field Biology

Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Field work during an extended field trip to a specific region of North America to familiarize the student with the flora and/or fauna of that region. Course is scheduled irregularly during academic breaks and may be preceded by several lectures in preparation for the trip. May be repeated to a total of 6 credits with a maximum of 3 credits to be applied to the major in biology. Supplemental course fee (variable by section). May be taught concurrently with BIO 527. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 527 and BIO 627. 1-4, D

BIO 629 Phycology

Recommended Prerequisite: ecology course. The structure, function, ecological significance, and diversity of algae. Emphasis will be placed on field studies, isolation and growth, and physiological characteristics. May be taught concurrently with BIO 530. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 530 and BIO 629. 3(2-2), S

BIO 631 Economic Botany

Recommended Prerequisite: introductory biology course with lab. Distribution and origin of plants which yield food, poison, drugs, spices, fibers, oils and other products generally used by man. Methods of preparations and analysis of products and ingredients. May be taught concurrently with BIO 531. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 531 and BIO 631. 2(2-0), FE

BIO 632 Principles of Fisheries Management

Recommended Prerequisite: ecology or wildlife management course. Life history, population ecology, and management of exploited freshwater and marine species. Scientific sampling and analysis of fishery populations. Characterization, history, and management principles for representative commercial and recreational fisheries. May be taught concurrently with BIO 532. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 532 and BIO 632. 3(2-2), S

BIO 633 Wetland Ecology

Recommended Prerequisite: ecology course; and one year of college chemistry. The composition, structure, function, and importance of wetland ecosystems. Comparisons of different wetland types, hydrology, nutrient cycles, plants and animals and their adaptations, and conservation strategies. May be taught concurrently with BIO 533. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 533 and BIO 633. 3(2-2), F

BIO 635 Coastal Vegetation Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 641. Laboratory portion of BIO 641. May be taught concurrently with BIO 535. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 535 and BIO 635. 1(0-2), Su

BIO 636 Plant Ecology

Recommended Prerequisite: ecology course. The dynamics, structure, and distribution of plant populations and communities, with emphasis on interactions among plants, plants and other organisms, and plants and ecosystems. Laboratory emphasis on experimental mental studies in the greenhouse and field. Weekend field trip is required. BIO 436 may be taught concurrently with BIO 636. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 436 and BIO 636. 4(2-4), F

BIO 637 Salt Marsh Plant Ecology Lab

Prerequisite: permission of advisor or department head. Recommended Prerequisite: general biology II, plant xaxonomy, ecology and plant physiology course. A study with emphasis on the botanical aspects of local marshes; includes plant identification, composition, structure, distribution, and development of coastal marshes. Biological and physical interrelationships. Primary productivity and relation of marshes to estuaries and associated fauna. May be taught concurrently with BIO 537. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 537 and BIO 637. 2(2-0), Su

BIO 638 Salt Marsh Ecology Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 637. Laboratory portion of BIO 637. May be taught concurrently with BIO 538. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 538 and BIO 638. 2(0-4), Su

BIO 639 Biogeography

Recommended Prerequisite: general biology I and II courses. Study of patterns of distribution of organisms in space and in time. May be taught concurrently with BIO 539. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 539 and BIO 639. 2(2-0), F

BIO 640 App of Molecular Markers

Prerequisite: permission. Recommended Prerequisite: genetics course. Introduction to the use of molecular markers in biological research. Topics covered include methods for identifying genetic variation at the molecular level (protein electrophoresis, automatic DNA sequencing, RAPDs, RFLPs, AFLPs, microsatellites) and their applications to research in systematics, ecology, evolution, conservation biology, forensics, and gene mapping. Students will complete research projects using one or more of the techniques learned. Supplemental course fee. May be taught concurrently with BIO 540. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 540 and BIO 640. 4(2-4), D

BIO 641 Coastal Vegetation

Prerequisite: 10 hours of biology and permission of advisor or department head. Recommended Prerequisite: general biology I and II courses. A broad study of the general and specific aspects of coastal vegetation, with emphasis on local examples. Vegetational composition, variation, succession, climax, and distribution. Includes aerial techniques, plant identification, delineation of vegetational types and mapping. May be taught concurrently with BIO 534. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 534 and BIO 641. 2(2-0), Su

BIO 644 Plant Physiology

Recommended Prerequisite: organic chemistry course. Basic chemical and physical principles of plant function considering water relationships, nutrient transport, mineral nutrition, photosynthesis, respiration, and phytohormones. May be taught concurrently with BIO 544. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 544 and BIO 644. 4(3-2), D

BIO 645 Agrostology

Recommended Prerequisite: plant taxonomy course. Identification of local, native and economically important grasses. May be taught concurrently with BIO 545. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 545 and BIO 645. 2(1-2), FO

BIO 646 Plant Morphology

Recommended Prerequisite: general biology I and II courses. A study of the form, structure, and evolution of plants. May be taught concurrently with BIO 546. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 546 and BIO 646. 4(2-4), D

BIO 650 Statistical Methods for Biologists

Recommended Prerequisite: genetics course and pre-calculus mathematics course. Scientific methodology, experimental design, statistical analysis, and data interpretation applied to biological questions. May be taught concurrently with BIO 550. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 550 and BIO 650. 3(3-0), F,S

BIO 651 Advanced Statistical Methods for Biologists

Recommended Prerequisite: statistics course. The design and analysis of biological experiments, with an emphasis on the choice and interpretation of inferential statistics. Topics covered include causal inference, statistical power, general linear models, repeated measures designs, log-linear models, nonparametric procedures, and computer-intensive techniques. The use of computer software to analyze real data sets from the biological literature is emphasized. May be taught concurrently with BIO 551. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 551 and BIO 651. 2(1-2), D

BIO 654 Marine Ichthyology

Prerequisite: 16 hours of biology and permission of advisor or department head. Recommended Prerequisite: General Biology I and II, Genetics and Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy. This course provides the student with a strong general background in the biology of marine fishes. Emphasis placed on the principles involved in the classification and taxonomy of marine and estuarine fishes. May be taught concurrently with BIO 555. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 555 and BIO 654. 3(3-0), Su

BIO 656 Marine Ichthyology Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 654. Laboratory portion of BIO 654. May be taught concurrently with BIO 556. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 556 and BIO 656. 3(0-6), Su

BIO 657 Marine Fisheries Management

Prerequisite: permission of instructor; and concurrent enrollment in BIO 658. A course designed to familiarize students with practical marine fisheries management problems in today's real world. Covers the international and local, economic, social, legal, and political, as well as biological factors that are considered in decisions directed toward achieving optimum sustainable yield from marine resources. The history of management schemes, sources of information, current status of fishing technology, management methods, legal problems and educational needs are explored. May be taught concurrently with BIO 557. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 557 and BIO 657. 2(2-0), Su

BIO 658 Marine Fisheries Management Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 657. Laboratory portion of BIO 657. May be taught concurrently with BIO 558. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 558 and BIO 658. 2(0-4), Su

BIO 659 Population Genetics and Evolutionary Mechanisms

Recommended Prerequisite: evolution course and statistics course. The theory of genetic variation in populations, with emphasis on quantitative description of the mechanisms of biological evolution. May be taught concurrently with BIO 560. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 560 and BIO 659. 3(3-0), D

BIO 662 Limnology

Recommended Prerequisite: ecology course; and one year of college chemistry. Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of lakes and reservoirs. Laboratory includes mapping, lake models, water chemistry, and surveys of diversity and abundance. Two all-day Saturday labs required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 562. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 562 and BIO 662. 4(2-4), F

BIO 663 Population Ecology

Recommended Prerequisite: ecology course and pre-calculus mathematics course. Discussion of factors controlling the distribution and abundance of populations. Quantitative description of population dynamics is emphasized. May be taught concurrently with BIO 563. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 563 and BIO 663. 3(2-2), S

BIO 665 Marine Ecology

Prerequisite: 16 hours of biology and permission of advisor or department head. Recommended Prerequisite: General Biology I and II. A consideration of the relationship of marine organisms to their environment includes the effects of temperature, salinity, light, nutrient concentration, currents, and food on the abundance and distribution of marine organisms. Concurrent enrollment in BIO 566 required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 565. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 565 and BIO 665. 3(3-0), Su

BIO 666 Marine Ecology Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 665. Laboratory portion of BIO 665. May be taught concurrently with BIO 566. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 566 and BIO 666. 2(0-4), Su

BIO 668 Physiological Ecology

Recommended Prerequisite: ecology course; and general physiology or plant physiology or human physiology course. Physiological adaptations of plants and animals to environmentally stressful conditions and to ecological/evolutionary pressures. May be taught concurrently with BIO 567. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 567 and BIO 668. 4(4-0), SE

BIO 671 Comparative Animal Physiology

Recommended Prerequisite: general physiology or human physiology course. Organ/system function in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate animals. May be taught concurrently with BIO 571. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 571 and BIO 671. 4(3-3), SO

BIO 673 Ornithology

Prerequisite: 12 hours of biology. Taxonomy, distribution, life histories and ecology of birds; emphasis on Missouri forms. Early morning field trips required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 573. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 573 and BIO 673. 3(2-2), S

BIO 674 Aquatic Entomology

Aquatic insects, ecology and taxonomy with emphasis on field applications. May be taught concurrently with BIO 574. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 574 and BIO 674. 2(1-3), D

BIO 675 Ichthyology

Prerequisite: 12 hours in biology. Taxonomy, distribution, life histories and ecology of fish with emphasis on Missouri forms. May be taught concurrently with BIO 575. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 575 and BIO 675. 3(2-2), F

BIO 676 Herpetology

Prerequisite: 12 hours in biology. Taxonomy, distribution, life histories and ecology of amphibians and reptiles with emphasis on Missouri forms. One weekend field trip required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 576. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 576 and BIO 676. 3(2-2), S

BIO 677 Mammalogy

Prerequisite: 12 hours in biology. Taxonomy, distribution, life histories and ecology of mammals with emphasis on Missouri forms. One weekend field trip required. May be taught concurrently with BIO 577. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 577 and BIO 677. 3(2-2), F

BIO 678 Behavioral Ecology

Recommended Prerequisite: ecology course and statistics course. Fundamental principles of animal behavior with an emphasis on the study of the ecological and evolutionary processes that influence behavior. May be taught concurrently with BIO 578. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 578 and BIO 678. 4(3-2), S

BIO 679 Conservation Biology

Recommended Prerequisite: genetics course and ecology course. An in-depth examination of the science of conservation from a biological perspective, with an examination of ethical and legal aspects of conservation. May be taught concurrently with BIO 579. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 579 and BIO 679. 4(3-2), D

BIO 680 Vertebrate Anatomy and Evolution

Vertebrate gross anatomy. Phylogeny and present status of organ systems in vertebrates. May be taught concurrently with BIO 380. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 380 and BIO 680. 2(2-0), F,S

BIO 685 Marine Conservation

An overview of current issues related to the conservation and management of marine organisms, with emphasis on marine species and habitats exploited or endangered by human actions. BIO 485 may be taught concurrently with BIO 685. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 685 and 485. 1-3, D

BIO 686 Fish Ecology

Recommended Prerequisite: ecology course and icthyology course. The biology of fishes in relation to environmental conditions at the individual, population, and community levels. May be taught concurrently with BIO 584. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 584 and BIO 686. 3(3-0), D

BIO 687 Marine Invertebrate Zoology

Prerequisite: 16 hours in biology; and concurrent enrollment in BIO 688. A concentrated study of the free-living marine and estuarine invertebrates of Mississippi Sound and adjacent bayous, salt marshes, barrier islands, and the nearshore continental shelf of the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Course emphasizes structure, classification, phylogenetic relationships, larval development, functional processes, and ecological aspects of Gulf of Mexico invertebrates and their natural assemblages. Advanced undergraduates and graduate students may be asked to conduct independent, short-term research projects during the course. May be taught concurrently with BIO 587. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 587 and BIO 687. 3(3-0), Su

BIO 688 Marine Invertebrate Zoo Lab

Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in BIO 687. Laboratory portion of BIO 687. May be taught concurrently with BIO 588. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 588 and BIO 688. 3(0-6), Su

BIO 689 Game Management

Recommended Prerequisite: wildlife management course. Management of game birds and mammals for recreational utilization. May be taught concurrently with BIO 589. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 589 and BIO 689. 3(3-0), D

BIO 697 Topics in Biology

Prerequisite: permission of instructor. A variable content course to provide for the offering of selected topics in biology on a one time or first-time basis. May be repeated for credit when topic varies. May be taught concurrently with BIO 597. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 597 and BIO 697. 1-4, D

BIO 710 Topics in Microbial Physiology

Topics of interest in microbial physiology will be discussed. These may include, cell structure, energy production, fermentation, nitrogen metabolism, protein and nucleic acid syntheses, regulation of gene expression, and dynamics of cell growth. Lecture will supplement discussion sessions. 3(3-0), S

BIO 712 Advanced Immunology

Recommended Prerequisite: immunology course. Cellular aspects of the immune system. 2(2-0), S

BIO 722 Regulatory Mechanisms in Microorganisms

Regulation of macromolecular synthesis and enzyme activity in bacteria and viruses. 2(2-0), S

BIO 725 Advanced Limnology

Recommended Prerequisite: limnology course. Advanced concepts of biological, chemical and physical limnology. Recent symposia, reviews, and primary literature are discussed. Prerequisite: BIO 562. Advanced concepts of biological, chemical and physical limnology. Recent symposia, reviews, and primary literature are discussed. 2(2-0), D

BIO 726 Advanced Limnology Methods

Recommended Prerequisite: limnology course. Research and practical application of modern limnological methods are taught. 2(0-4), D

BIO 728 Recent Advances in Biology

Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Selected topics in biology to be discussed using original literature as the focal point. Variable content course. May be repeated when topic varies. 1(0-2), F,S

BIO 730 Advanced Topics in Biology

Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Individual study in biology; may include literature, field and/or laboratory work. May be repeated. 1-4, F,S

BIO 734 Advanced Plant Taxonomy

Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Philosophy and principles of modern taxonomic procedures. 4(2-4), D

BIO 755 Advanced Developmental Biology

Recommended Prerequisite: cell biology course. An in-depth study of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the development of vertebrate, invertebrate, and plant systems. Lectures will emphasize fertilization, morphogenesis, differentiation, induction, regeneration, and neoplasia. Laboratory exercises will emphasize techniques utilized by developmental biologists. Review of current literature and poster presentations will be required. Cannot receive credit for both BIO 355 and BIO 755. 4(3-2), S

BIO 760 Topics in Teaching Biology

Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Biological concepts, information, practical experiences, and use of resource materials in the elementary and secondary classroom. Variable content course. May be repeated when topic varies. 1-3, D

BIO 761 Environmental Science for Educators

Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Discussion of environmental issues, practical experiences in teaching environmental concepts, and awareness of environmental resource materials for the formal and nonformal classroom setting. 2(1-2), F

BIO 767 Advanced Vertebrate Zoology

Evolutionary relationships of living and extinct vertebrates; analysis of geographic distribution and adaptive radiation. Includes field/lab experiences to be arranged. 3(2-2), D

BIO 790 Degree Paper

Prerequisite: permission of advisor. Extensive paper on selected topics. Exclusively satisfies requirements for non-thesis option, which also requires one BIO 690 paper to be presented orally to the department. May be repeated to total of 4 hours. Graded Pass/Not Pass only. 2(2-0), D

BIO 794 Scientific Writing

Organization and methods in scientific writing. Included are discussion of literature searching, scientific methodology, experimental design, proposal writing, figure preparation, editing and oral presentation. Recommended for graduate students in biology, preferably during the first year of graduate study. 2(2-0), F

BIO 798 Research

Prerequisite: permission of advisor. Supervised research in special biology areas. May be repeated, but no more than 6 hours may be counted as credit towards the MS degree. Graded Pass/Not Pass only. 1-6, D

BIO 799 Thesis

Prerequisite: permission of advisor. Independent study connected with preparation of thesis. May be repeated, but no more than 6 hours may be counted as credit towards the MS degree. Graded Pass/Not Pass only. 1-6, D